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Jakob Norz
Jakob Norz (20 October 1920 – 16 September 1944) was a ''Luftwaffe'' flying ace of World War II. Norz was credited with 117 aerial victories—that is, 117 aerial combat encounters resulting in the destruction of the enemy aircraft. All his victories were claimed over the Soviet Air Forces in 332 combat missions.〔Spick 1996, p. 231.〕 He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross ((ドイツ語:Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes)). The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. Norz was killed on 16 September 1944 in a forced landing following combat with a large formation of Soviet aircraft attacking Kirkenes, Finland.
==Career==
Jakob Norz was born on 20 October 1920 in Saulgrub in Free State of Bavaria within the Weimar Republic. Holding the rank of ''Unteroffizier'' (non-commissioned officer) he served with the I./''Nachtjagdgeschwader'' 2 (2nd Night Fighter Wing) since late 1941.〔For an explanation of ''Luftwaffe'' unit designations see Organisation of the Luftwaffe during World War II.〕 With this unit he flew night fighter missions against England and convoy escort missions over the Mediterranean Sea. He was briefly transferred as a day time fighter pilot to ''Jagdgeschwader'' 51 (51st Fighter Wing) operating on the Eastern Front in early 1942. Shortly afterwards he was posted to the 11./''Jagdgeschwader'' 1 (11th Squadron of the 1st Fighter Wing) which was located in Norway. The unit was then relocated further north to the ''Eismeerfront'' (Ice Sea Front)—the area of operations nearest the Arctic Ocean—and redesignated to 8./''Jagdgeschwader'' 5 (8th Squadron of the 5th Fighter Wing).〔Obermaier 1989, p. 175.〕
Operating in this northern theatre of operations, Norz claimed his first five aerial victories by the end of 1942. Following victorious combat with two Ilyushin Il-2 "''Shturmovik''" on 5 March 1943 he made a forced landing of his Messerschmitt Bf 109 F-4 (''Werknummer ''—13108—factory number) on a frozen lake in no man's land. He returned to a German held position after an eight hour walk in high snow. Norz claimed his 17th and 18th aerial victory on 4 June 1943. The number of aerial victories claimed rose to roughly 50 by the end of 1943. On 17 March 1944 Norz claimed 5 Soviet fighters shot down, his 66th to 70th aerial victories. He was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross following his 74th aerial victory. He again claimed five victories on 17 June 1944. Norz in a 24-hour period from 27 June to 28 June 1944 claimed 12 victories, taking his total to 103 aerial victories. He was the 82nd ''Luftwaffe'' pilot to achieve the century mark.〔Obermaier 1989, p. 243.〕 This achievement earned Norz a reference on 28 June 1944 in the ''Wehrmachtbericht'' (armed forces report), an information bulletin issued by the headquarters of the Wehrmacht. To be singled out individually in this way was an honour and was entered in the Orders and Decorations' section of a soldier's Service Record Book.〔
Walter Schuck, a wartime friend of Jakob Norz, witnessed Norz's final flight on 16 September 1944. According to Schuck, Norz attacked and shot down a Douglas Boston but was hit in the engine by the defensive fire from the Boston. Norz reported that his cabin was filling with smoke. Schuck urged Norz to bale out but Norz decided to fly back to base to avoid capture by the Russians. Schuck broke off further combat and escorted Norz back to base. Norz, intoxicated by the smoke, reported that his elevator seized and that he could not trim the aircraft. Already too low for bailing out, Norz attempted a crash landing in the tundra. The Bf 109 G-6 "yellow 8" (''Werknummer'' 412 199—factory number) struck a rock and disintegrated, killing Jakob Norz.〔Schuck 2007, pp. 171–172.〕
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